how T/C is made?????????/

TURBOCHARGER  ARE ALSO KNOWN AS A TURBO-SUPERCHARGERS

TURBOCHARGERS ARE TYPE OF FORCED INDUCTION SYSTEM, THEY COMPRESS THE AIR FLOWING IN TO THE ENGINE.

The major advantage of compressing the air is that  the ENGINE can take more air in to the cylinder. therefore you get more power in  each unit . This can significantly improve the power to weight ratio of the engine 

In order to achieve the boost TURBOCHARGER uses the engine exhaust to rotate the turbine . due to  turbine rotation the suction takes place at the volute casing  and the air flows to the engine  .. and the process  continue 

How Variable Geometry Turbocharger for Marine Engines Works?

In order to draw the highest efficiency from marine engines, they must be run at the highest rated RPM. However, with several norms, traffic rules, fuel efficiency factor etc., marine engines cannot always be operated at high speed. As the RPM of the engine reduces, the air supply from the turbocharger also reduces, starving the combustion space of air and resulting in improper combustion and increased fuel consumption. To counter this problem, auxiliary blowers are fitted. These blowers come into action at particular low loads.
Variable Geometry Turbocharger or Variable Turbine Angle (VTA) Turbocharger is the solution for supplying sufficient scavenge air to marine engine’s cylinder at all load ranges. Let’s find out what is VTA and how does it works.

What is Variable Geometry Turbocharger or VTA?

Bill of lading-2

In case if u forgot to study the part 1 then click this link Bill of lading 1

The functions of bill of lading:

1. A receipt for a cargo signed by the master or by the owner port agent on behalf of the carrier, with remarks of the cargo.
2. A document of title of cargo, means the property may transferred to another party
3. Evidence of the contract governing terms and condition of carriage

TYPES OF BILL OF LADING:

                                   There are 9 types of bill of lading they are

Bill of Lading

In this article we will discuss about the ADDRESS and REFERENCE  details :

SHIPPER:
                  Its the name and the address detail who is shipping the cargo.this may or may not be the actual owner or the manufacturer of the cargo,but also be the trader but it depends upon the type of bill of lading issued .

CONSIGNEE:
                             It is nothing but a actual buyer. This may or may not be a actual owner or recipient of the cargo it could be a bank or trader it depends upon the type of lading issued.

NOTIFY:
                     It is the name and address details of the persons who should be notified for the arrival of cargo.Depending upon the bill of lading issued it may be the actual buyer or the receiver of goods. Normally the notice of cargo is sent to the notify party.

BILL OF LADING NUMBER:
                             It is a unique number given to the shipment cover under the specific bill of lading.

REFERENCE NUMBER:
                                  This is used to update any reference number which will use to trace their shipment.

CARRIERS AGENT:
                              The details of the agent at discharge port is usually recorded by the shipping line so that the destination agent  of the client can contact the shipping line agents to query or the status of the shipment 
                                     The rest will be my next post......